wzy-warehouse
203 lines
6.7 KiB
Python
203 lines
6.7 KiB
Python
"""
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QGIS 环境检测与子进程配置模块。
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主进程运行在 Python 3.10，无法直接加载 QGIS 的 Python 3.12 C 扩展。
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所有 QGIS 操作通过 subprocess 调用 QGIS Python 3.12 执行。
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本模块提供：
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- get_qgis_python_path(): 检测 QGIS Python 3.12 解释器路径
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- build_qgis_subprocess_env(): 构建子进程完整环境变量（替代 bat 包装器）
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- is_qgis_available(): 检查 QGIS 是否可用
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- get_runner_script(): 获取 qgis_runner.py 的路径
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"""
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import os
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from pathlib import Path
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from app.config.paths import get_logger
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logger = get_logger("qgis.env")
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def get_qgis_python_path(qgis_root: str = None) -> str | None:
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"""
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检测 QGIS 自带的 Python 3.12 解释器路径。
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Windows: {QGIS_ROOT}/apps/Python312/python3.exe
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Returns:
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解释器绝对路径，不存在则返回 None
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"""
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if qgis_root is None:
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qgis_root = _detect_qgis_root()
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if qgis_root is None:
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return None
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import platform
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if platform.system() == "Windows":
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for name in ("python3.exe", "python.exe"):
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candidate = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "Python312", name)
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if os.path.isfile(candidate):
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logger.info(f"检测到 QGIS Python: {candidate}")
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return candidate
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logger.warning(f"未找到 QGIS Python 3.12")
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return None
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else:
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import shutil
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# 优先检查环境变量
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env_python = os.environ.get("QGIS_PYTHON_PATH")
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if env_python and os.path.isfile(env_python):
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logger.info(f"QGIS_PYTHON_PATH 指定: {env_python}")
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return env_python
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# 搜索标准 Linux QGIS 安装路径
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linux_paths = [
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"/usr/bin/qgis", # Ubuntu/Debian apt 安装
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"/usr/bin/qgis.bin",
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"/opt/QGIS/apps/Python312/bin/python3", # 独立安装器
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"/opt/QGIS/apps/Python3/bin/python3",
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"/usr/libexec/qgis/python3", # Fedora/RHEL
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]
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for candidate in linux_paths:
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if os.path.isfile(candidate):
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logger.info(f"检测到 QGIS 可执行文件: {candidate}")
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return candidate
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# 回退到系统 Python（如果 qgis.core 可导入）
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sys_python = shutil.which("python3") or shutil.which("python")
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if sys_python:
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logger.info(f"Linux 环境，使用系统 Python: {sys_python}")
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return sys_python
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return None
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def build_qgis_subprocess_env(qgis_root: str = None) -> dict:
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"""
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构建 QGIS Python 3.12 子进程的完整环境变量（替代 bat 包装器）。
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策略：
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1. 从 os.environ 继承，移除 venv 污染（PYTHONPATH/VIRTUAL_ENV 等）
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2. 将 QGIS 的 bin 目录前置到 PATH（Qt5→qgis→gdal 顺序，与原 bat 一致）
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3. 设置 PYTHONPATH / QGIS_PREFIX_PATH / QT_PLUGIN_PATH / GDAL_DATA / PROJ_DATA
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4. 子进程 _setup_environment() 负责 os.add_dll_directory + ctypes 预加载
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"""
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import platform
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# 继承当前环境，清理 venv 污染
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env = dict(os.environ)
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venv_root = env.get("VIRTUAL_ENV", "").lower()
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for key in (
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"PYTHONPATH",
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"PYTHONHOME",
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"VIRTUAL_ENV",
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"PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE",
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):
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env.pop(key, None)
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if venv_root:
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path_parts = env.get("PATH", "").split(";")
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clean = []
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for p in path_parts:
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if not p or venv_root in p.lower():
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continue
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clean.append(p)
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env["PATH"] = ";".join(clean)
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# 检测 QGIS 安装路径
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if qgis_root is None:
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qgis_root = _detect_qgis_root() or "D:/QGIS"
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env["QGIS_ROOT"] = qgis_root
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if platform.system() != "Windows":
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return env
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qgis_app_dir = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "qgis-ltr")
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if not os.path.isdir(qgis_app_dir):
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qgis_app_dir = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "qgis")
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if not os.path.isdir(qgis_app_dir):
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raise RuntimeError(
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f"未找到 QGIS 应用目录: {qgis_root}\\apps\\qgis-ltr 或 qgis"
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)
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# 前置 QGIS bin 目录到 PATH（Qt5 必须在最前面，QGIS 依赖它）
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qgis_bin = os.path.join(qgis_app_dir, "bin")
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qt5_bin = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "Qt5", "bin")
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gdal_lib = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "gdal", "lib")
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qt5_plugins = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "Qt5", "plugins")
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qtplugins = os.path.join(qgis_app_dir, "qtplugins")
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qgis_python_dir = os.path.join(qgis_app_dir, "python")
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env["PATH"] = f"{qt5_bin};{qgis_bin};{gdal_lib};{env.get('PATH', '')}"
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# QGIS 核心环境变量（与 bat 包装器保持一致）
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env["PYTHONPATH"] = qgis_python_dir
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env["QGIS_PREFIX_PATH"] = qgis_app_dir
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env["QT_PLUGIN_PATH"] = f"{qtplugins};{qt5_plugins}"
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# GDAL / PROJ 数据目录（避免系统旧版 proj.db 干扰）
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gdal_data = os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "gdal", "share", "gdal")
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if os.path.isdir(gdal_data):
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env["GDAL_DATA"] = gdal_data
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for pd in (
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os.path.join(qgis_app_dir, "share", "proj"),
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os.path.join(qgis_root, "share", "proj"),
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os.path.join(qgis_root, "apps", "gdal", "share", "proj"),
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):
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if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(pd, "proj.db")):
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env["PROJ_DATA"] = pd
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break
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# UTF-8 / GDAL 编码辅助变量
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env["PYTHONUTF8"] = "1"
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env["GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8"] = "YES"
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env["VSI_CACHE"] = "TRUE"
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env["VSI_CACHE_SIZE"] = "1000000"
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logger.debug(
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f"QGIS subprocess env built: root={qgis_root}, app={qgis_app_dir}, "
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f"PATH prefixed with qgis_bin/qt5_bin/gdal_lib"
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)
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return env
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def is_qgis_available(qgis_root: str = None) -> bool:
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"""检查 QGIS 环境是否可用"""
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return get_qgis_python_path(qgis_root) is not None
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def get_runner_script() -> str:
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"""获取 qgis_runner.py 的绝对路径"""
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return str(Path(__file__).parent / "qgis_runner.py")
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def _detect_qgis_root() -> str | None:
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"""
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自动检测 QGIS 安装根目录。
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优先级：
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1. 环境变量 QGIS_ROOT
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2. Windows 默认路径 D:/QGIS
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3. Linux 常见路径
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"""
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env_root = os.environ.get("QGIS_ROOT")
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if env_root and os.path.isdir(env_root):
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return env_root
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import platform
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if platform.system() == "Windows":
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for candidate in ["D:/QGIS", "C:/OSGeo4W", "C:/QGIS"]:
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if os.path.isdir(candidate):
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logger.info(f"检测到 QGIS 根目录: {candidate}")
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return candidate
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else:
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for candidate in ["/usr", "/opt/QGIS", "/home/QGIS"]:
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if os.path.isdir(candidate):
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logger.info(f"检测到 QGIS 根目录: {candidate}")
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return candidate
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logger.warning("未检测到 QGIS 安装目录")
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return None
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