添加数据库管理类

app/utils/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 """
 Utility functions package
 """
+from app.utils.db_helper import db_helper, PostgresSQLHelper
+
+__all__ = ['db_helper', 'PostgresSQLHelper']

app/utils/db_helper.py

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+"""
+PostgreSQL 数据库工具类
+提供增删改查方法
+"""
+import psycopg2
+from psycopg2.extras import RealDictCursor
+from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional, Tuple
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from config import settings
+
+
+class PostgresSQLHelper:
+    """PostgreSQL 数据库帮助类"""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        """初始化数据库连接配置"""
+        self.db_config = {
+            'host': settings.DB_HOST,
+            'port': settings.DB_PORT,
+            'user': settings.DB_USER,
+            'password': settings.DB_PASSWORD,
+            'database': settings.DB_NAME,
+        }
+    
+    @contextmanager
+    def get_connection(self):
+        """
+        获取数据库连接的上下文管理器
+        自动管理连接的开启和关闭
+        """
+        conn = None
+        try:
+            conn = psycopg2.connect(**self.db_config)
+            yield conn
+            conn.commit()
+        except Exception as e:
+            if conn:
+                conn.rollback()
+            raise e
+        finally:
+            if conn:
+                conn.close()
+    
+    @contextmanager
+    def get_cursor(self, dict_cursor=False):
+        """
+        获取数据库游标的上下文管理器
+        
+        Args:
+            dict_cursor: 是否使用字典游标（返回字典格式结果）
+        """
+        with self.get_connection() as conn:
+            cursor = None
+            try:
+                if dict_cursor:
+                    cursor = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor)
+                else:
+                    cursor = conn.cursor()
+                yield cursor
+            finally:
+                if cursor:
+                    cursor.close()
+    
+    def execute_query(self, sql: str, params: tuple = None) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        执行查询语句，返回字典列表
+        
+        Args:
+            sql: SQL 查询语句
+            params: 参数元组
+            
+        Returns:
+            查询结果列表，每个元素为字典
+        """
+        with self.get_cursor(dict_cursor=True) as cursor:
+            cursor.execute(sql, params)
+            results = cursor.fetchall()
+            # 将 RealDictRow 转换为普通字典
+            return [dict(row) for row in results]
+    
+    def execute_query_one(self, sql: str, params: tuple = None) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        执行查询语句，返回单条记录
+        
+        Args:
+            sql: SQL 查询语句
+            params: 参数元组
+            
+        Returns:
+            单条记录的字典，如果没有结果则返回 None
+        """
+        with self.get_cursor(dict_cursor=True) as cursor:
+            cursor.execute(sql, params)
+            result = cursor.fetchone()
+            return dict(result) if result else None
+    
+    def execute_update(self, sql: str, params: tuple = None) -> int:
+        """
+        执行更新/插入/删除语句
+        
+        Args:
+            sql: SQL 语句
+            params: 参数元组
+            
+        Returns:
+            影响的行数
+        """
+        with self.get_cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.execute(sql, params)
+            return cursor.rowcount
+    
+    def execute_insert(self, sql: str, params: tuple = None, returning: str = None) -> Any:
+        """
+        执行插入语句并返回新生成的 ID 或指定字段
+        
+        Args:
+            sql: INSERT SQL 语句
+            params: 参数元组
+            returning: RETURNING 子句指定的字段名，默认为 'id'
+            
+        Returns:
+            新生成的 ID 或指定字段的值
+        """
+        if returning and not sql.upper().endswith(f'RETURNING {returning}'.upper()):
+            sql = f"{sql} RETURNING {returning}"
+        
+        with self.get_cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.execute(sql, params)
+            result = cursor.fetchone()
+            return result[0] if result else None
+    
+    def execute_many(self, sql: str, params_list: List[tuple]) -> int:
+        """
+        批量执行 SQL 语句
+        
+        Args:
+            sql: SQL 语句
+            params_list: 参数列表，每个元素为参数元组
+            
+        Returns:
+            影响的总行数
+        """
+        with self.get_cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.executemany(sql, params_list)
+            return cursor.rowcount
+
+
+# 创建全局实例
+db_helper = PostgresSQLHelper()
+

requirements.txt

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 dynaconf == 3.2.13
+psycopg2-binary == 2.9.12